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    HMW DNA extraction for Long Read Sequencing using CTAB

    Benoît Vacherie, Karine Labadie, Cyril Falentin

    Published: 2022-10-07 DOI: 10.17504/protocols.io.bp2l694yzlqe/v1
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    Abstract

    High Molecular Weight DNA extraction protocol for Long Read sequencing.

    Extraction is performed from flash frozen leaves stored at -80°C.

    The protocol is adapted for an extraction of 1g of leaves.

    This protocol is based on the protocol provided by Oxford Nanopore Technologies, Oxford, UK (ONT), "High molecular weight gDNA extraction from plant leaves" provided by the ONT community in March 2019, with slighly modifications.

    This protocol involves a conventional CTAB extraction followed by purification using commercial Qiagen Genomic tips (QIAGEN, MD, USA). DNA fragment size selection is performed using Short Read Eliminator (Circulomics, MD, USA).

    This protocol is particularly adapted for plant leaves, but also works with many other organisms (microalgae, insects...).

    Steps

    preparation of reagents

    1.

    Extraction Buffer : Prepare 20 mL of extraction buffer (per 1g of leaves) in a 50 mL tube

    AB
    Tris-HCl ph8100 mM
    EDTA20 mM
    CTAB2%
    NaCl1.4. M
    PEG 80001 %
    H2OQSP 20 ml

    DNA Extraction

    2.

    Add 50 µl of 2-Mercaptoethanol to 20 ml of extraction buffer and preheat to 65 °C (approx. 15 min).

    20mL

    50µL

    65°C

    3.

    Put a mortar in ice.

    Cool the mortar and pestle with liquid nitrogen until the bubbling stops.

    4.

    Grind 1g of frozen sample to a fine powder (approx. 2 min), without adding liquid nitrogen.

    1g 0h 2m 0s

    Before grinding
    Before grinding
    After grinding
    After grinding
    5.

    Transfer the powder to the pre-warmed extraction buffer

    6.

    Add 40 µl of RNase A (100mg/ml) and vortex the tube 5 sec.

    40µL

    0h 0m 5s

    7.

    Incubate 1h at 65°C with intermittent agitation (300 rpm every 10 min)

    1h 0m 0s

    8.

    Let the tube cool for 5 min at RT

    0h 5m 0s

    9.

    Add 1 volume (20ml) of chloroform and vortex 2x5sec.

    20mL

    10.

    Centrifuge with low acceleration and deceleration

    5500x g,4°C

    Before centrifugation
    Before centrifugation
    After centrifugation
    After centrifugation
    11.

    Gently transfer the aqueous phase to a new 50 ml tube.

    12.

    Add 0.7 volume of isopropanol and mix gently by inversion 10 times

    13.

    Put the tube at -80°C for 15 minutes.

    0h 15m 0s

    14.

    If a DNA medusa appears after this step, recover the medusa using a Pasteur pipette (without breaking the tip of the pipette).

    Wash the medusa in 3 successive baths of 70% ethanol then resuspend the medusa in 100µl of 1X TE.

    Incubate for 1 hour at 55°C then store the tube at 4°C before quality control.

    Continue the protocol with the rest of the tube (without the medusa).

    If no DNA medusa is visible continue the protocol.

    15.

    Centrifuge the tube with low acceleration and deceleration

    5500x g,4°C

    16.

    Carrefully remove the supernatant without resuspending the pellet.

    Remove the remaining liquid by turning the tube upside down on a paper towel (make sure the pellet does not come off).

    17.

    Gently resuspend with the pipette the DNA pellet with 9.5 ml of G2 buffer (QIAGEN Genomic-tip 100/G).

    18.

    Incubate 15 min at 50°C . The sample can be stored overnight at 4°C at this stage.

    0h 15m 0s

    Génomic tip purification

    19.

    Equilibrate a QIAGEN Genomic-tip 100/G column with 4 ml of QBT buffer .

    20.

    Preheat 5 ml of QF buffer to 55°C.

    21.

    Allow all the QBT buffer to drain by gravity flow into a 50 ml tube.

    22.

    Add the sample in G2 buffer (9.5ml) on the column and let it to enter the resin by gravity flow.

    23.

    Wash the column twice with 7.5 ml of QC buffer.

    24.

    Put the column on a 15 ml tube.

    25.

    Elute the DNA with 5 ml of QF buffer preheated to 55°C.

    DNA précipitation

    26.

    Add 0.7 volume of isopropanol to the eluate.

    Mix gently by inverting 20 times.

    27.

    Incubate 15 minutes at RT.

    0h 15m 0s

    28.

    Centrifuge with low acceleration and deceleration

    5500x g,4°C

    29.

    Carefully discard the supernatant, gently resuspend the pellet with 1 ml of cold 70% ethanol.

    30.

    Transfer the resuspended DNA to a 1.5 ml DNA LoBind tube.

    31.

    Centrifuge with low acceleration and deceleration

    5000x g,4°C

    32.

    Carefully discard the supernatant.

    Air dry the pellet at RT for about 10 minutes.

    0h 10m 0s

    33.

    Resuspend the pellet with 50-100 µl of 1X TE buffer.

    34.

    Allow the DNA to resuspend for 2 hours at 55°C or ON at RT.

    2h 0m 0s or

    35.

    Store the DNA at 4°C.

    Sample quality control

    36.

    Quantify your sample with a Qubit DNA HS assay.

    Check the purity of the sample with a Nanodrop (measurements of 260/280 and 260/230 absorbance ratios).

    Estimate the molecular weight of the sample with a Tapestation and/or a Femto pulse and/or a Pippin Pulse.

    37.

    Depending on the DNA concentrations and DNA length profiles, deplete short DNA molecules using SRE size selection kits (SRE XS, SRE or SRE XL kits).

    Results

    38.

    QC results obtained on different species.

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